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PD vs QC: The Two Fast-Charging Languages

Fast charging is a negotiation. PD and QC are the two dominant protocols that run it, and a retail charger line has to speak the right ones for its market. Here is how they differ and what to specify.

How negotiation works

On connection, charger and device agree a voltage and current from the profiles the charger offers. USB Power Delivery (PD) is the USB-IF standard, delivered over USB-C, with fixed steps (5V, 9V, 15V, 20V) and, in PD 3.0 and later, a Programmable Power Supply (PPS) mode that fine-tunes voltage in small increments. Quick Charge (QC) is Qualcomm's protocol, historically over USB-A as well as USB-C, raising voltage in steps the device requests. The device always has the final say: a charger offers, the phone or laptop draws.

Which devices speak which

iPhones and all modern laptops charge over PD. Android splits: Pixel and Samsung flagships are PD/PPS devices; many Snapdragon-based phones also accept QC; Chinese brands add proprietary layers on top of a PD or QC base. A charger that publishes full PD steps plus a PPS range - as the 100W flagships here do - covers the widest device base with one SKU. The manufacturer's FAQ states PD 3.0 and QC 4.0 support and compatibility with iPhone, Android devices and laptops such as MacBook; per-model protocol details are in the series tables and govern over the general statement.

What to specify in a purchase order

Related: what is PPS charging and USB-C vs USB-A.